SYMPTOM, SIGNS, SYNDROMES GLOSSARY


THIS IS A MULTI-ROLE ACTIVITY WHERE THE FOLLOWING ACTIVITIES ARE ENABLED :

1. SYMPTOM DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

2. SIGNS DETAILED EXPLANATIONS

3. SYNDROME COLLECTION

4. MISCELLANEOUS ACTIVITIES

Browse the glossary using this index

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F

Faber Test or Patrick test

Faber is an acronym for flexion, abduction, external rotation, and extension of hip joint.  If this maneuver causes anterior hip pain the test is positive.  If the Fabere is positive and there is a significant loss of passive range of hip movements consider hip arthritis or avascular necrosis.  If Fabere is positive with normal hip passive movements then iliopsoas tendonitis is a likely diagnosis.  If Fabere is positive with a posterior hip pain consider sacroiliac joint dysfunction.

(Bryan 2005)


FACIAL PAIN - Common Patterns

1)      Acute sinusitis

2)      Chronic sinusitis

3)      Acute parotitis

4)      Myofascial pain syndromes – maxillary area and preauricular area pain in lateral pterygoid MFPS, maxillary, mandibular, forehead, preauricular area pain in masseter MFPS, preauricular, inside the ear, mastoid area pain in medial pterygoid MFPS, supraorbital, paranasal, upper lip, orbicular, mandibular and maxillary pain in platysma MFPS, maxillary pain and forehead pain in sternocleidomastoid sternal division MFPS, maxillary and upper premolar/molar teeth pain spreading over supraorbital, frontal, temporal head regions in temporalis muscle MFPS.  See notes under myofascial pain syndrome for diagnostics criteria and therapy.

5)      Dental abscess

6)      Pericoronitis

7)      Temporomandibular joint dysfunctions

8)      Neuralgias – SUNCT


FACIAL SWELLING - Common Patterns Adults

1)      Lip swelling – Oral Allergy Syndrome

2)      Facial Urticaria

3)      Dental abscess


FACIAL SWELLING - Common Patterns Pediatric

1)      Periorbital swellings of angioedema

2)      Periorbital swelling of generalized edema states – acute nephritic syndrome, heart failure, liver failure etc

3)      Acute infectious parotitis

4)      Recurrent parotitis

5)      Cervical lymphadenopathy


FACIAL SWELLING - Red Flags Adults

1)      Swelling of the face neck and arms with a fixed elevation of JVP,  cyanosis, plethora, distended veins, cough, hoarseness, dyspnea, stridor, Dysphagia, headaches confusion, come (superior vena cava obstruction)

2)      asdasd


FACIAL SWELLING - References

(Referral Guidelines for suspected cancer in adults and in children at National Guideline Clearinghouse 2007 update)


FACIAL WEAKNESS - Common Patterns Adults

1)      Bell’s palsy – paralysis of all ipsilateral facial muscles (“close your eyes”, “show me your teeth”), hyperacusis (abnormally loud sound on the ipsilateral side), loss of tears, loss of taste, Tx – valacyclovir 1 g bid for 1 week OR famciclovir 750 mg tid OR acyclovir 800 mg five times a day for 5 days and oral prednisolone 1 mg/kg/day for 1 week, if complete paralysis after 1 week, do electroneurography, if this shows 90% degeneration, refer for surgical decompression, among patients without 90% degeneration 80-100% regain good outcome.

2)      Stroke


FACIAL WEAKNESS - Red Flags Adults

1)      Elderly, hypertension, impairment of taste, pain other than in the ear, complete facial weakness (poor prognosis for recovery from facial paresis)

2)      Bilateral facial palsy (neurologist referral for evaluation for underlying causes)

3)      Recurrent facial palsy (neurologist referral for evaluation for underlying causes)

4)      Development of other cranial palsies

5)      Facial twitch or spasm preceded the development of the palsy (? CNS tumor)

6)      Nystagmus, ataxia, facial numbness, tinnitus (structural lesions in the pons, cerebellopontine angle etc)

7)      Tinnitus, nystagmus, hearing loss (structural lesions associated with temporal bone)

8)      Parotid mass (parotid tumor)

9)      Head injury (intracranial lesions)


FACIAL WEAKNESS - References

(Gilden 2004)


FACTOR ANALYSIS BASICS

1. Suppose you are conducting a survey and you want to know whether the items in the survey have similar patterns of responses, do these items “hang together” to create a construct? The basic assumption of factor analysis is that for a collection of observed variables, there are a set of underlying variables called factors (smaller than the observed variables), that can explain the interrelationships among those variables.

STEP 1
Get the correlation between the items of the quesitonnaire (32 x 32 matrix) in a table format with a right angle shade of correlations in one-half

2. From this table we can see that most items have some correlation with each other ranging from for Items 3 and 7 to for Items 6 and 7. Due to relatively high correlations among items, this would be a good candidate for factor analysis. Recall that the goal of factor analysis is to model the interrelationships between items with fewer (latent) variables. These interrelationships can be broken up into multiple components
STEP 2
ANY CORRELATION EQUAL TO OR ABOVE - 0.38 is acceptable as high correlation in the field of emotions



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