Mild Acne < 20 comedones or < 15 inflammatory papules or a lesion count of < 30, 15-50 papules and pustules with comedones and rare cysts. Total lesion count may range from 30-125. Clinically mild acne has only white or black comedones Treatment is adapalene 0.1% gel locally. The gel should be applied once a day to affected areas after washing in the evening before retiring. A thin film of the gel should be applied, avoiding eyes, lips, and mucous membranes. To prevent the retinoid irritation advice patients to use mild soaps, soap substitutes like cetaphil lotion, avoid skin trauma like rubbing, scrubbing of face etc.
Moderate Acne In between mild and moderate Clinically in addition to white and black comedones, there are also inflammatory lesions like papules and pustules Treatment is adapalene and Benzoyl peroxide 2.5%, 5% gel. Azithromycin 500 mg initial dose and 250 mg daily for a further four days per month for 12 weeks Azithromycin, 500 mg orally thrice weekly for 8 weeks ( 500 mg once-thrice weekly.)
Severe Acne Azithromycin 500 mg initial dose and 250 mg daily for a further four days per month for 12 weeks Azithromycin, 500 mg orally thrice weekly for 8 weeks ( 500 mg once-thrice weekly.) Inflammatory nodules, comedones, papules, and pustules or total lesion count of greater than 125. Dermatology referral for isotretinoin therapy
Other management considerations : 1) Management of QOL and emotional dysfunction of Acne 2) Indications for hormonal/contraceptive therapy 3) Indications for oral antibiotics
Microneedling is a common office-based procedure used to manage post-acne atrophic scarring. Its clinical usefulness is well established.4-6 A series of 3 to 5 treatment sessions at 2- to 4-week intervals typically results in improvement ranging from50%to 70%.7 The efficacy of micro-needling has been compared with other dermatological procedures for post-acne scars, such as chemical peeling,8 cry rolling,9 or carbon dioxide laser treatment,10 usually as combination therapies. However, head-to-head comparative studies with home-based medical management for acne scars is lacking.