Eleven RCTs (n = 890) that studied the use of silver nitrate, topical steroids, ethanol wipes, electrocautery, cryocautery, copper sulfate, and common salt were included. Common salt achieved resolution in >90% of cases in five studies and 54–80% in two studies. Topical steroids, silver nitrate, copper sulfate, and cryocautery achieved resolution in >90% and ethanol wipes in 50–65% of cases. Local side effects reported with topical steroids, silver nitrate, cryocauter,y, and electrocautery varied in each study. The salt application did not cause side effects. The risk of bias was high in many RCTs.
Jois RS, Rao S. Management of Umbilical Granuloma in Infants: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
AJGP 2021;50;8. doi: 10.31128/AJGP-04-20-5371 .