1)      Hypovolemic shock

2)      Sepsis syndrome

3)      Any neurological symptom or sign – hypo or hypernatremic dehydration

4)      Loss of  hypertonic fluid, serum Na < 135 meq/L, signs and symptoms of dehydration proportionately more than the fluid loss - Hyponatremic dehydration

5)      Loss of hypotonic fluid, serum Na > 150 meq/L,  signs and symptoms of dehydration proportionately less than the fluid loss - Hypernatremic dehydration