1)      First-day jaundice (hemolytic disease of newborns until proven otherwise, immediate referral to a neonatal unit)

2)      Jaundice appearing after the first week (metabolic screening for congenital hypothyroidism, galactosemia, etc)

3)      Bilirubin level above 10 mg/dL (170 mmols/L) in preterm infants and 18 mg/dL (308 mmols/L) in term infants needs investigation

4)      Dark urine (yellow stain of nappies ) and/or pale stools  (Hepatobiliary disease, neonatal hepatitis)

5)      Jaundice persisting for more than 14 days

6)      Family history of jaundice (hereditary hemolytic anemias, benign hyperbilirubinemias)

7)      Rapid appearance and quick progression of jaundice after 4^th day of life (Sepsis until proven otherwise, referral to a pediatric unit essential)

8)      Twitchiness, fits, dyskinesia (? kernicterus)

9)      Anemia

10)    Elevation of mainly conjugated bilirubin

11)    Maternal illness suggestive of viral infection

12)    Postnatal symptoms like loss of stool color, refusal of feeds, greater than average weight loss,  symptoms and signs of hypothyroidism, symptoms and signs of metabolic diseases,

13)    Neurological symptoms and signs in a jaundiced baby – drowsiness, hyper or hypotonia, seizures or jitteriness, altered cry, poor Moro’s reflex, opisthotonus (impending kernicterus)

14)    Hepatosplenomegaly, petechiae, microcephaly, hemolytic anemia (sepsis, congenital infections)

15)    Direct bilirubin > 2 mg/dl at any time