BIOSOFT HELP FILES

NUTRITIONAL ADVICE FOR HEALTHY ADULTS
1) Take a variety of foods - food variety is important because no single food can
give all the nutrients which are necessary for a healthy life
2) Maintain a healthy weight
3) Take a meal which is less in cholesterol less in saturated fats and oils and fats
4) Take a meal which is rich in vegetables, fruits and legumes
5) Consume less sugar
6) Consume less salt
7) Consume less alcohol

CANCER PREVENTION DIET
1) Maintain a weight which is proportional to the height
2) Calorie and protein requirements must be met by cereals and pulses
3) Oils and fats should provide only about 20-25% of the total energy requirement
4) Consume fresh vegetables and fruits which are particularly yellow more
5) Consume preserved and Tinned foods less
6) Limit frying, burnt, smoked, salted food
7) Do not consume foods with fungi and

HYPERTENSION DIET
1) Maintain normal body weight
2) Consume a diet less in salts (1500, 2300, 3300 mg/day)
3) Consume vegetables and fruits more
4) Reduce oils/fats and milk and milk products
5) Calcium supplements
6) Potassium and magnesium supplements
7) DASH diet - Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension

DASH DIET
1) Macronutrient composition - Carbos 55%, Proteins 18%, Total fat 27%, Saturated fat 6%,
2) Micronutrient composition - cholesterol 150 mg, sodium 1500-2300 mg, potassium 4700 mg,
calcium 1250 mg, magnesium 500 mg, fiber 30 g
3) High in fruits and vegetables
4) High in nuts and whole grains
5) High fish intake
6) High poultry intake
7) Low fat dairy products
8) Low in sugar, sweets, fat and cholesterol and red meat
9) Rich in potassium, magnesium, calcium, fibers
10) Obese hypertensives needs a hypocaloric DASH

TECHNICAL DETAILS OF DASH EATING PATTERNS
1) Reduces blood pressure in hypertensives
2) Pressure reduction occurs within 2 weeks
3) Reducing dietary sodium enhances the effects of pressure reduction of DASH patterns
4) Sodium reduction has a dose-dependent response for blood pressure reduction
5) Prevents development of hypertension in normotensive and prehypertensives

DIABETIC DIET
1) Fibre-rich low-glycaemic diets

TECHNICAL DETAILS
1) Fibre-rich low-glycaemic diet reduces HbA1c by 0.5%
2)

HYPERLIPIDEMIAS - HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA
1) Reduce weight if overweight or obese
2) Reduce simple carbohydrates
3) Stop alcohol
4) Consume omega-3-fatty acids more - fresh fish at least twice per week
5) Reduce cereals
6) Reduce saturated oils/fats

HYPERLIPIDEMIAS - LOW HDL-C
1) Lose weight if overweight or obese
2) Substitute carbohydrates with monounstaturated fats
(almonds, walnuts, peanuts)

HYPERLIPIDEMIAS - HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA
STEP 1 DIET

TOTAL FAT < 30%
SATURATED < 10%
MONOUNSATURATED < 10%
POLYUNSATURATED < 10%
CARBOHYDRATE 50-70%
PROTEINS 10-20%
CHOLESTEROL < 300 MG

HYPERLIPIDEMIAS - HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA
STEP 2 DIET
TOTAL FAT < 30%
SATURATED < 7%
MONOUNSATURATED < 10%
POLYUNSATURATED < 10%
CARBOHYDRATE 50-70%

PROTEINS 10-20 %
CHOLESTEROL < 200 MG

MANAGEMENT OF METABOLIC SYNDROME

Abdominal obesity
1) Weight loss is managed by reducing daily calories by 250, year.
2) Physical activity of 30 min of moderate activity at least every other day of the week

Elevated blood pressure
3) Weight loss - see above
4) Modest salt restriction 
5) Fruits and vegetables intake to be increased to at least 5 servings each day
6) Low-fat dairy 3 servings skim milk or low-fat yogurt or cheese each day

LOW high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol
7) Stop smoking
8) Weight loss - see above and aim for a total loss of 20-lb for 1 year

9) Physical activity for 30 min every other day of a week
10) Substitute carbohydrates with modest amounts of monounsaturated fats and small mounts of unsalted almonds, walnuts and peanuts to substitute cookies, candy, cake and other snacks

Elevated fasting triglyceride level

11) Weight loss - See above and target an annual weight of loss of 20-lb
12) Reduce simple carbohydrates. Reduce regular soft drinks and juices, cordials as much as possible. Switch to seltzer, water or diet soda.13) Alcohol amount limited to to 1 alcoholic beverage per day for women; 2 drinks per day for men
14) Increase omega-3 fatty acids - Eat fresh or canned fish at least twice per week to increase omega 3 fatty acid intake

Impaired fasting glucose level
15) Annual weight loss of 20-lb - see above
16) Soluble fiber intake with more whole grains and cereals and also switching white to brown grains